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Meteorology        Charles A. Giannetta
                  Meteorologist - Professor 

"F R O N T S"

1. Front: A transition zone between two air masses of different
   densities.
 
2. Density is controlled by the temperature and humidity of the air.
   Cold Fronts

"Cold Fronts"

1. Cold Fronts slope on the average 1:80 miles. This means that 80 miles
   into the surface position of the front, the frontal boundary is
   about 1 mile above the ground.

2. Cold Fronts may be divided into 2 types: Fast moving and slow moving.

4. A fast moving Cold Front may move along at 50 to 60+ mph.

5. Cold Fronts usually move faster in winter than summer.

6. The average speed of a Cold Front is about 30 mph.

"  Squall Lines"

1. A Squall Line is an area some 50 to 200 miles ahead of a front.

2. It is characterized by a formidable wall of turbulent clouds
   building to 40,000 feet or higher.

3. Squall Lines contain some of the most violent and turbulent weather
   known.

4. Squall Lines are usually parallel to a front.




Meteorology              Charles A. Giannetta
                         Meteorologist - Professor



"Warm Fronts"

1. The edge of an advancing warm air mass is called a Warm Front.

2. Warm air rides up and over colder air since it is less dense.

3. Warm Frontal Slopes average about 1:200 miles. This means that when
   the  warm front is located on the surface, 200 miles ahead of it
   the warm air is about 1 mile up.

4. Warm Fronts usually move about 15 to 20 mph.


"Stationary Fronts"

1. When opposing forces of adjacent air masses of different densities
   are      
   such that the frontal surface between them shows little or no
    
   movement, is  called a Stationary Front.
      
2. Stationary Fronts move less than 6 mph.
     
3. The winds usually blow parallel on both sides of a Stationary Front:
   Example: East to West on the north side of the front, and West to
East 
   on the south side of the front.

"Occluded Fronts"

1. There are 2 types of Occluded Fronts. Cold Air Occlusion and Warm
   Air Occlusion.
         
2. Occluded means to close or come together.
       
3. When fronts occlude, the weather system is beginning to dissipate.

4. Cold Air Occlusion: When cold air overtakes and replaces warm air.


5. Warm Air Occlusion: When warm air overtakes and replaces the colder
   air.



      
1. World War I: It was during WWI Norwegion meteorologists discovered
                and named fronts after the battlefronts of the war.

2. Overrunning: When warmer less-dense air flows up and over colder
                more-dense surface air.


3. Back Door
   Cold Fronts: Most cold fronts generally move from northwest to the
                Cold Fronts:  southeast. There are times when a cold
                front will move from the northeast portion of the
                United States to the southwest. When this occurs,
                these fronts bring with them a welcome relief from
                hot weather in the summer. During the winter the weather
                becomes cold and dank.

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